The Challenge Initiative (TCI) is a three-year urban reproductive health program funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

According to the United Nations, 66% of people around the world will be living in urban areas by 2050—2.5 billion more people than today. Ninety percent of this increase will be in cities in Asia and Africa. Despite increasing urbanization, the poorest people living in cities rarely have adequate access to health information and services.